Editing CUA: Advanced and Metastatic Urothelial Cancer (2019) (section)

===== Background =====

* In Canada, bladder cancer ranks as the 5th most common cancer with an estimated 8900 new cases and 2400 deaths in 2018.
* Approximately 15% of patients have locally advanced or metastatic disease at presentation. A further 40 – 50% of those with muscle invasive early stage disease will relapse after initial treatment
* The majority of patients with advanced stage disease will succumb to their disease.
* '''Cancers of the ureter, renal pelvis and proximal urethra''' constitute approximately 5-10% of cases of urothelial carcinoma and '''are treated with similar systemic therapy as bladder cancer.'''
* '''In this consensus statement, locally advanced disease is defined as cT4b and / or cN1-3.'''