Editing Kidney Cancer: Pathology (section)

== Classification of renal masses ==

=== 2016 WHO Classification of renal neoplasms[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26935559/] ===
(abbreviated)
{| class="wikitable"
|
* '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Renal cell tumours (16)</span>'''
** Clear cell renal cell carcinoma
** Multilocular cystic renal neoplasm of low malignant potential
** Papillary renal cell carcinoma
** Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell carcinoma associated renal cell carcinoma
** Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma
** Collecting duct carcinoma
** Renal medullary carcinoma
** MiT family translocation renal cell carcinomas
** Succinate dehydrogenase deficient renal cell carcinoma
** Mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma
** Tubulocystic renal cell carcinoma
** Acquired cystic disease associated renal cell carcinoma
** Clear cell papillary renal cell carcinoma
** Renal cell carcinoma, unclassified
** Papillary adenoma
** Oncocytoma

* '''Metanephric tumors'''
** Metanephric adenoma
** Metanephric adenofibroma
** Metanephric stromal tumor

* '''Nephroblastic and cystic tumors occurring mainly in children'''
** Nephrogenic rests
** Nephroblastoma
** Cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma
** Pediatric cystic nephroma
|
* '''Mesenchymal tumors occurring mainly in children'''
** Clear cell sarcoma
** Rhabdoid tumor
** Congenital mesoblastic nephroma
** Ossifying renal tumor of infancy

* '''Mesenchymal tumors occurring mainly in adults'''
** Leiomyosarcoma (including renal vein leiomyosarcoma)
** Angiosarcoma
** Rhabdomyosarcoma
** Osteosarcoma
** Synovial sarcoma
** Ewing sarcoma
** Angiomyolipoma
** Epithelioid angiomyolipoma
** Leiomyoma
** Hemangioma
** Lymphangioma
** Hemangioblastoma
** Juxtaglomerular cell tumor
** Renomedullary interstitial cell tumor
** Schwannoma
** Solitary fibrous tumor
** Mixed epithelial and stromal tumor family
** Adult cystic nephroma
** Mixed epithelial and stromal tumor

* '''Neuroendocrine tumors'''
** Well differentiated neuroendocrine tumor
** Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma
** Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma
** Paraganglioma

* '''Miscellaneous tumors'''
**Renal hematopoietic neoplasms
**Germ cell tumors
* '''Metastatic tumors'''
* '''Tumor-like lesions'''
** Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis
** IgG4 related disease
|}
There are additional described entities not currently in WHO

=== Classification by malignant vs. benign vs. inflammatory ===
{| class="wikitable"
|
* '''Malignant'''
** Renal cell carcinoma (RCC)
**# Clear cell RCC
**# Multilocular cystic renal neoplasm of low malignant potential
**# Papillary RCC
**# Hereditary leiomyomatosis RCC
**# Chromophobe RCC
**# Collecting duct carcinoma
**# Renal medullary carcinoma
**# MiT Family translocation carcinomas
**# Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) deficient RCC
**# Mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma
**# Tubulocystic RCC
**# Acquired cystic disease associated RCC
**# Clear cell papillary RCC
**# RCC, unclassified
** Urothelium-based cancers
*** Urothelial carcinoma
*** Squamous cell carcinoma
*** Adenocarcinoma
** Sarcomas
*** Leiomyosarcoma
*** Liposarcoma
*** Angiosarcoma
*** Hemangiopericytoma
*** Malignant fibrous histiocytoma
*** Synovial sarcoma
*** Osteogenic sarcoma
*** Clear cell sarcoma
*** Rhabdomyosarcoma
** Wilms tumor
** Primitive neuroectodermal tumor
** Carcinoid tumor
** Lymphoma/leukemia
** Metastasis
** Invasion by adjacent neoplasm
|
* '''Benign'''
** Cystic lesions
*** Simple cyst
*** Hemorrhagic cyst
** Solid lesions
*** Angiomyolipoma
*** Oncocytoma
*** Renal adenoma
*** Metanephric adenoma
*** Cystic nephroma
*** Mixed epithelial-stromal tumor
*** Reninoma (juxtaglomerular cell tumor)
*** Leiomyoma
*** Fibroma
*** Hemangioma
** Vascular lesions
*** Renal artery aneurysm
*** Arteriovenous malformation
** Pseudotumor

* '''Inflammatory'''
** Abscess
** Focal pyelonephritis
** Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis
** Infected renal cyst
** Tuberculosis
** Rheumatic granuloma
|}