Editing Urethral Tumours (section)

== Benign Urethral Tumours ==

* '''Rare'''; only a few small series and case reports in the literature
* '''Most frequently reported:'''
*# '''Leiomyoma'''
*# '''Hemangioma'''
*# '''Fibroepithelial polyp'''

=== Leiomyoma ===

* '''Epidemiology'''
** '''Occur primarily in women'''
** Most present in the 3rd or 4th decade of life
* Diagnosis and evaluation
** Most common clinical presentations include:
*** Palpable anterior vaginal mass
*** Storage LUTS
**** Voiding LUTS occur less frequently
*** UTI
*** Hematuria
** May be discovered incidentally during routine pelvic examination or an unrelated surgical procedure
* Management
** Tumor recurrence is rare; all reported urethral leiomyomas to date have followed a benign course

=== Hemangioma ===

* '''Epidemiology'''
** '''More common in males'''
** Most present in the 2nd or 3rd decade of life
* Diagnosis and evaluation
** Most common clinical presentations include:
*** Intermittent hematuria
*** Bloody urethral discharge
*** Hematospermia
** '''Diagnosis and Evaluation'''
*** '''Cystoscopy may underestimate the overall extent of the hemangioma'''
*** '''MRI may be helpful in select cases to better delineate the extent of the lesion'''
* '''Management'''
** '''Smaller hemangiomas are generally treated with TUR fulguration or laser'''
*** '''Recurrent bleeding as a result of inadequate ablation may occur.''' In this setting, or when the hemangioma is more extensive, '''open excision''' with one- or two-stage urethral reconstruction '''may be required'''

=== Fibroepithelial polyp ===

* Epidemiology
** Rare
** '''Usually diagnosed in males''' in the 1st decade of life
* Pathology
** Benign tumors of mesodermal origin that can occur in the upper or lower urinary tract
* Diagnosis and evaluation
** Most common clinical presentations include:
*** Restriction of the urinary stream
*** Frequency
*** Dysuria
* Management
** TUR is usually curative
** Pathologic examination is required to rule out a more aggressive lesion such as urothelial papilloma or inverted papilloma