Editing Pediatrics: Anomalies of the Kidneys (section)

=== Aberrant, Accessory, or Multiple Vessels ===
* The correct term to describe any kidney supplied by >1 vessel is '''multiple renal arteries.'''
* The terms '''anomalous vessels or aberrant vessels''' should be reserved for those arteries that originate from vessels other than the aorta or main renal artery.
* The term '''accessory vessels''' denotes ≥2 arterial branches supplying the same renal segment.
* Polar arteries or multiple renal arteries to the normally positioned kidney represent a failure of complete degeneration of all primitive vascular channels.
* Description
** Based on vascular supply, the renal parenchyma is divided into 5 segments:
**# Apical
**# Upper
**# Middle
**# Lower
**# Posterior
*** The main renal artery divides initially into an anterior and posterior branch.
**** The anterior branch almost always supplies the upper, middle, and lower segments of the kidney.
**** The posterior branch invariably supplies the posterior and lower segments.
**** '''The vessel to the apical segment has the greatest variation in origin'''
***** Arises from:
****** Anterior division (43%)
****** Junction of the anterior and posterior divisions (23%)
****** Main-stem renal artery or aorta (23%)
****** Posterior division of the main renal artery (10%).