Editing Stones: Diet and Pharmacologic Management (section)

==== Potassium citrate ====
*'''<span style="color:#ff0000">First-line therapy for patients with uric acid stones</span>'''
*'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Goal is to alkalinize (increase the pH) of the urine to an optimal level (pH > 5.5 (AUA targets 6.0 and CUA targets 6.5)) so that uric acid remains in a dissolved state</span>'''
**'''Attempts at alkalinizing the urine to a pH > 7.0 should be avoided. At a higher pH, there is a danger of increasing the risk for calcium phosphate stone formation.'''
*Patients may initially present with low/normal 24-hour urinary uric acid levels because the uric acid will precipitate out of solution in the acid urinary environment. Once the urine has been alkalized, all of the uric acid will come back into solution, causing a significant increase in the measured urinary uric acid.