Editing Functional: Nocturia (section)

=== Management ===

*'''Directed at underlying cause'''
** '''Phytotherapies'''
*** '''Pygeum africanum and cernilton are associated with improvement in nocturia'''
** '''Medical therapy'''
*** α-blockers, 5-ARIs, antimuscarinics, and antimuscarinics plus α-blockers have occasionally been found to have a statistically significant reduction in nocturia episodes, but clinical significance appears to be minimal.
*** '''When 5-ARIs and α-blockers are used in combination, they have the same degree of success as α-blockers alone'''
*** '''The optimal patients to treat with medications that target the bladder and the prostate appear to be those who have a large number of nocturia episodes (mostly resulting from severe urgency)'''
** '''Surgery'''
*** Patients with '''high-pressure urinary retention''' causing nocturnal enuresis are treated by initial catheterization to relieve the pressure, followed by appropriate assessment with a view to using endoscopic surgery to resect, vaporize, or enucleate the prostate, or open removal of the prostate
**** '''Treating bladder outlet obstruction is thought to improve nocturia''' by:
***** Lowering postvoid residual volume
***** Increasing functional bladder capacity
***** Reducing urinary frequency
**** '''TURP appears to be superior to tamsulosin for treatment of BPH-related nocturia'''