Editing Undescended Testicle (section)

==== Diagnostic Laparoscopy ====
* '''Diagnostic laparoscopy, followed by laparoscopic orchidopexy if an abdominal testis is present, has become the preferred approach to the non-palpable testis for many clinicians.'''
** '''Laparoscopy is preceded by an examination under anesthesia, which may be a useful adjunct that helps to define the appropriate course of action.'''
*** '''The gold standard for diagnosis ofUDT remains careful examination of a child in several positions and confirmation of incomplete descent of the testis to a dependent scrotal position after induction of anesthesia.'''
**** '''Preoperative testicular position correlates poorly with intraoperative findings'''
** '''Laparoscopy is the procedure of choice to confirm or exclude the presence of a viable or remnant abdominal testis, UNLESS a prominent scrotal nubbin is palpable with other clinical signs of monarchism, such as contralateral testicular hypertrophy (testicular length ≥1.8 cm)''' 
* Important laparoscopic observations include the size and position of the spermatic vessels and vas; testicular size, quality, and position if visible; and patency of the internal inguinal ring.
* '''A hernia is frequently but not always associated with a viable abdominal or distal testis.'''