Editing CUA: Antenatal hydronephrosis (2017) (section)

=== Other ===
* Additional studies are sometimes necessary to further elucidate the precise cause of AHN, which, because of their invasive nature, are reserved for only select cases.
* Percutaneous antegrade pyelography or endoscopic retrograde pyelography can be useful when multiple levels of obstruction are suspected, such as combined UPJO and UVJO.
* Cystoscopy can help for evaluation of ectopic ureters and ureteroceles as can magnetic resonance urography (MRU). MRU can be especially helpful with the abnormal anatomy found in duplication anomalies, renal ectopy and renal fusion anomalies