Editing Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer (section)

===== Contraindications =====
* '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Absolute contraindications </span><span style="color:#0000ff">SHIT-IT</span> <span style="color:#ff0000">(6):</span>'''
*# '''<span style="color:#0000ff">S</span><span style="color:#ff0000">epsis, personal history of BCG sepsis</span>'''
*#* '''Use of BCG in patients with ileal conduit urinary diversion is associated with up to a 10% risk of sepsis due to absorption'''
*# '''<span style="color:#0000ff">H</span><span style="color:#ff0000">ematuria, gross</span>; intravasation risk'''
*# '''<span style="color:#0000ff">I</span><span style="color:#ff0000">mmunosuppressed and immunocompromised patients</span>'''
*#* '''Small series suggest this may not be an absolute contraindication'''
*# '''<span style="color:#0000ff">T</span><span style="color:#ff0000">URBT, immediately after resection</span> due to risk of intravasation and septic death'''
*# '''<span style="color:#0000ff">I</span><span style="color:#ff0000">ncontinence (total)</span>'''
*# '''<span style="color:#0000ff">T</span><span style="color:#ff0000">raumatic catheterization;</span> intravasation risk'''
* '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Relative contraindications (4):</span>'''
*# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">UTI (intravasation risk)</span>'''
*# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Liver disease (precludes treatment with isoniazid if sepsis occurs)</span>'''
*# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Poor overall performance status</span>'''
*# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Advanced age</span>'''
* '''No or insufficient data on potential contraindications'''
** Patients with prosthetic materials
** Ureteral reflux
** Anti–tumor necrosis factor medications (theoretically predispose to BCG sepsis)
* '''Not contraindications'''
** '''Previous BCG vaccine'''
*** A retrospective cohort study in 55 patients with high-risk non–muscle invasive bladder cancer that patients with a positive PPD had a significantly better recurrence-free survival than patients with a negative PPD skin test[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22674550/]
** '''Personal history of tuberculosis'''
*** Design: Population-based cohort study
*** Population: 3915 patients from Taiwan with newely diagnosed bladder cancer and received adjuvant intravesical BCG therapy within 3 months after the surgery
*** Results:
**** 187 (4.8%) had been previously diagnosed with tuberculosis infection
**** No significant difference in treatment efficacy or safety of intravesical BCG treatment
*** [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32641099/ Hsu, Che-Wei, et al.]"Can we treat bladder cancer with intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin in patients with prior tuberculosis infection? A population-based cohort study." ''BMC urology'' 20.1 (2020): 1-7.
*** Campbell's 11th edition: relative contraindication, risk theorized but unknown