Editing Benign Kidney Tumours (section)

== Cystic Nephroma ==

* '''Complex cystic lesions that are typically classified as Bosniak II to III'''
* Appear to be genetically related to mixed epithelial and stromal tumors (MESTs) but generally have a somewhat different radiographic appearance.
** Unlike MESTs, which contain a solid stromal component and often appear as solid or Bosniak IV lesions on cross-sectional imaging, cystic nephromas are typically characterized as complex cystic lesions without a solid component.
* Epidemiology
** More common among females (F:M 8:1)
** Diagnosis peaks primarily in the first 3 year of life predominantly in boys, and again in the 4th-5th decades '''(bimodal distribution)'''
* '''Management'''
** '''Cannot reliably differentiate cystic nephroma from cystic RCC in adults or Wilms tumour in children, therefore often treated with surgery.'''
*** '''Because of concern for cystic Wilms tumor, most children with cystic nephromas continue to be managed by radical nephrectomy, whereas a nephron-sparing approach with partial nephrectomy, if feasible, is an option in adults'''