Editing Functional: Urinary Fistulae (section)

=== Ureteroenteric fistula ===

==== Causes ====
*'''Most common cause: inflammatory bowel disease (e.g. Crohn’s disease)'''
** '''Usually right-sided involving the terminal ileum'''
*** Rarely, diverticulitis or ulcerative colitis will lead to left-sided ureteroenteric fistula.
* Other causes include (6):
*#Trauma (external and iatrogenic)
*#Urothelial carcinoma
*#Radiation
*#Urolithiasis
*#Tuberculosis

==== Diagnosis and Evaluation ====
*'''History and Physical Exam'''
**'''More likely to manifest with bowel rather than urinary symptoms, unlike vesicoenteric fistulae'''
**'''Pain may also be reported in the hip, flank, or anterior thigh'''
* '''Imaging'''
**'''CT and MRI are more useful than retrograde pyelography'''

==== Management ====
*Involves ureterolysis and possible bowel resection.