Editing Kidney Cancer: Diagnosis and Evaluation (section)

=== Genetic counseling ===

* '''Benefits (2):'''
*# '''May allow for more intensive evaluation of the patient for RCC and associated manifestations'''
*# '''Identification of blood relatives that may be at syndromic risk'''

==== Indications ====

===== AUA =====
*[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28479239/ '''2021 AUA Guidelines on Renal Mass and Localized Renal Cancer'''] '''<span style="color:#ff0000">(5):</span>'''
*#'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Age ≤ 46 years with renal malignancy</span>'''
*#'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Multifocal or bilateral renal masses</span>'''
*# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Family history (first-or second-degree relative) with a history of renal malignancy</span>'''
*#'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Personal or family history suggests a familial RCC syndrome (even if kidney cancer has not been observed)</span>'''
*# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Pathology demonstrates histologic findings suggestive of such a familial RCC syndrome</span>'''
*#*'''Hybrid oncocytic/chromophobe tumors are suggestive of BHD'''

===== CUA =====
*'''2013 CUA Guidelines on Genetic Screening for Hereditary Renal Cell Cancers'''
*# '''Any renal tumour (benign or malignant) AND any one of the following:'''
*## '''Bilaterality or multifocality'''
*## '''Age of onset ≤45'''
*## '''1st or 2nd degree relative with any renal tumour'''
*## '''Stigmata of RCC syndrome (8)'''
*### '''History of pneumothorax* (*or 1st degree relative with same)''' (found in BHDS)
*### '''Pulmonary lymphangiomyomatosis*''' (TSC)
*### '''Childhood seizure disorder*''' (TSC)
*### '''Skin leiomyomas*''' (HLRCC)
*### '''Skin fibrofolliculomas/ trichodisomas*''' (BHDS)
*### '''Pheochromocytoma/ paraganglioma*''' (VHL)
*### '''Hemangioblastoma of the retina, brainstem, cerebellum or spinal cord*''' (VHL)
*### '''Early onset of multiple uterine fibroids (<30 years of age)*''' (HLRCC)
*# '''Non-ccRCC with unusual associated features (e.g., chromophobe, oncocytic or hybrid tumours)'''
*# '''Patients, with or without RCC, who report a family member (any) with any one of the following:'''
*## '''Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome'''
*## '''Hereditary papillary renal cell cancer'''
*## '''Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer'''
*## '''Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome'''
*## '''Hereditary paraganglioma/ pheochromocytoma'''
*## '''Tuberous sclerosis'''