Editing Prostate Cancer: Diagnosis and evaluation (section)

==== Genetic testing ====
* Germline mutations are inherited from parents; all cells have the mutation except red blood cells
*Somatic mutations are acquired

===== Indications =====

====== AUA ======
* '''[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35536144/ 2022 AUA Guidelines on Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer]'''
** '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Recommended (5):'''
**# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry'''
**#* '''Particularly in patients with Grade Group 2 or higher disease'''
**# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Known family history of familial cancer risk mutation'''
**#* '''Examples: BRCA1, BRCA2, ATM, Lynch-syndrome associated genes'''
**# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Strong personal or family history of related cancers'''
**#* '''Examples: breast, colorectal, ovarian, pancreatic, upper tract urothelial carcinoma'''
**# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Strong family history of prostate cancer'''
**#* '''Examples: first-degree relative or multiple second-degree relatives diagnosed with Grade Group 2 or higher prostate cancer, particularly at early age (< 60 years), particularly if metastatic or lethal'''
**# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Adverse tumor characteristics'''
**#* '''Examples: High-risk disease; intermediate-risk disease with intraductal or cribriform morphology'''

====== NCCN ======
*'''NCCN (version 2.2021)'''
** '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Recommended (5):'''
**# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry'''
**#'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Positive family history of high-risk germline mutations (e.g. BRCA 1/2, Lynch syndrome)'''
**#* '''BRCA-cancers (5): breast, ovarian, pancreatic, prostate, melanoma'''
**#* '''Lynch syndrome cancers: (8) colonic (most common), endometrial (second most common), prostate, urothelial, adrenal, gastric, pancreatic, uterine, ovarian, and sebaceous carcinomas'''
**#'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Personal history of breast cancer'''
**#'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Metastatic (distant or regional (node-positive) prostate cancer'''
**# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">High- or very-high risk localized prostate cancer'''
** '''Optional (2)'''
**# '''Intermediate-risk with intraductal or cribiform histology'''
**# '''Personal history of colorectal, gastric, melanoma, upper tract urothelial, glioblastoma, biliary tract, or small intestine'''