Editing AUA: Early Detection of Prostate Cancer (2023) (section)

=== Family history ===
* '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Criteria for "strong" family history (2):</span>'''
*# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">≥1 brother or father OR ≥2 male relatives with one of the following (3):</span>'''
*##'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Diagnosed with prostate cancer at age <60 years</span>'''
*##'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Any of whom died of prostate cancer</span>'''
*##'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Any of whom had metastatic prostate cancer.</span>'''
*#'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Family history of other cancers with ≥2 cancers in hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome or Lynch syndrome spectrum.</span>'''
*#*<span style="color:#ff0000">'''Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome'''</span>
*#**'''Most commonly associated with mutations in either the BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene'''
*#**'''See associated cancers above'''
*#*<span style="color:#ff0000">'''Lynch syndrome'''</span>
*#**'''Also known as hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC)'''
*#**'''Due to inherited mutations in genes (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2, and EPCAM) that affect DNA mismatch repair'''
*#**'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Associated cancers (10)</span>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK431096/]'''
*#**#<span style="color:#ff0000">'''Colorectal'''</span>
*#**#<span style="color:#ff0000">'''Gastric'''</span>
*#**#<span style="color:#ff0000">'''Ovarian'''</span>
*#**#<span style="color:#ff0000">'''Small bowel'''</span>
*#**#<span style="color:#ff0000">'''Upper tract urothelial carcinoma'''</span>
*#**#<span style="color:#ff0000">'''Biliary tract'''</span>
*#**#<span style="color:#ff0000">'''Pancreatic'''</span>
*#**#<span style="color:#ff0000">'''Brain cancers (glioblastoma)'''</span>
*#**#<span style="color:#ff0000">'''Sebaceous gland adenomas'''</span>
*#**#<span style="color:#ff0000">'''Keratoacanthomas'''</span>

* '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Patients with a "strong" family history should ideally be genotyped</span>''' 
**Genotype is to ascertain whether there is presence of a pathogenic variant (e.g., BRCA1/2, Lynch Syndrome, ATM, CHEK2) or one or more of a growing set of identified germline DNA damage-repair mutations found in patients with metastatic prostate cancer diagnoses.