Editing Bladder Diverticulae (section)

=== Acquired ===
* '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Coexistent lower urinary tract neurogenic dysfunction or obstruction is almost always present'''
** '''In males, usually occurs after age 60''' (corresponds with age of clinically significant prostatic enlargement); '''≈70% associated with BPH'''
** '''In females, relatively uncommon''' '''and often associated with bladder outlet obstruction'''
*** '''When found in the female, careful evaluation will often reveal a cause for obstruction such as dysfunctional voiding, vaginal prolapse, bladder neck hypertrophy, urethral stricture, or iatrogenic obstruction resulting from anti-incontinence surgery'''
** '''May be found in children and young adults''' '''secondary to conditions such as bladder neck dysfunction, posterior urethral valves, and neurogenic vesicourethral dysfunction'''
** '''May be iatrogenic'''; inadequate closure of the muscular layers of the bladder wall following a cystotomy for any indication may result in formation of a bladder diverticulum at a weak point of the suture line
* '''Often multiple, typically found in association with significant bladder trabeculation'''
* '''Usually located near ureterovesical junction (similar to congenital) but also occur elsewhere in the bladder.'''
** '''“Hutch” diverticulum: a diverticulum located superolateral to the ureteral orifice, without involving the trigone in the setting of a neuropathic bladder and vesicoureteral reflux'''
*** Named after the individual who described this finding in a series of paraplegic individuals
* '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Association with increased risk of malignancy'''
** '''Most common histology of malignancy in bladder diverticulum: urothelial carcinoma'''