Editing CUA: Asymptomatic Microscopic Hematuria (2008) (section)

===== '''Lower tract evaluation''' =====

* The lower urinary tract is evaluated with urinary cytology and cystoscopy.
* '''Cytology is recommended for all patients with microscopic hematuria'''
* '''Cystoscopy is recommended in patients'''
** '''Aged >40'''
** '''With positive or atypical cytology'''
** '''Risk factor(s) for significant disease'''
**# '''Smoking history'''
**# '''Occupational exposure to chemicals or dyes (benzenes, aromatic amines)'''
**# '''History of irritative voiding symptoms'''
**# '''Analgesic abuse with phenacitin'''
**# '''History of pelvic irradiation'''
**# '''Cyclophosphamide exposure'''