Editing Neurogenic LUT Dysfunction (section)

=== Bladder outlet obstruction in women ===
* Uncommon
* Defined as radiographic evidence of obstruction between the bladder neck and the distal urethra in the presence of a sustained detrusor contraction of any magnitude which is usually associated with reduced or delayed urinary flow rate.
** Obstruction at the level of the bladder neck is diagnosed when the bladder neck is closed or narrowed during voiding.
** Obstruction of the urethra was diagnosed as a discrete area of narrowing associated with proximal dilatation.
* '''Causes:'''
** '''Dysfunctional voiding'''
** '''Cystocele'''
** '''Prior incontinence surgery'''
** '''Urethral stricture'''
** '''Uterine prolapse'''
** '''Urethral diverticulum'''
** '''Rectocele'''
* '''Management'''
** '''Other than obvious pathology related to obstruction (cystocele, prior incontinence surgery, etc.), surgical treatment for bladder outlet obstruction in women should be approached with caution because sphincteric incontinence is a significant risk. Rather, pelvic floor therapy (biofeedback), behavioral modification, and the addition of pharmacotherapy should be used'''