Editing Infections: Antibiotics (section)

===Aminopenicillins===
*Ampicillin and amoxicillin have been used often in the past for the treatment of UTIs, but the '''emergence of resistance''' in 40-60% of common urinary '''isolates has lessened the usefulness of these drugs (See Toronto antibiograms''')
*'''The effects of ampicillin and amoxocillin on the normal bowel and vaginal flora can''' predispose patients to reinfection with resistant strains and '''often lead to candida vaginitis'''
*'''The addition of the β-lactamase inhibitor clavulanate to amoxicillin greatly improves activity against β-lactamase–producing bacteria resistant to amoxicillin alone. However, its high cost and frequent gastrointestinal side effects limit its usefulness.'''
*'''The extended-spectrum penicillin derivatives (e.g., pivmecillinam, piperacillin, mezlocillin, azlocillin) retain ampicillin’s activity against enterococci and offer activity against many ampicillin-resistant gram-negative bacilli'''
*'''Safe for use in pregnancy'''