Editing Upper Urinary Tract Trauma (section)

==== History and Physical Exam ====

===== History =====

* '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Extent of deceleration''' involved in high-velocity impact trauma
**'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Most important information in blunt renal injury'''
* '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Trauma anterior vs. posterior to the axillary line'''
**'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Trauma anterior to axially line is more likely to damage important renal structures such as the renal hilum and pedicle compared to the posterior axially line, which more commonly results in parenchymal injury'''

===== Physical Exam =====

* '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Findings indicating possible renal injury (5):'''

# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Flank hematoma'''
# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Abdominal or flank tenderness'''
# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Rib fractures''' 
#* Ipsilateral rib fracture can increase the incidence of significant renal trauma by 3x
# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Hematuria'''
#* '''<span style="color:#ff0000">The degree of hematuria and the severity of the renal injury do not consistently correlate'''; presence or absence of hematuria should not be the sole determinant in the assessment of a patient with suspected renal trauma
#'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Penetrating injuries to the low thorax or flank'''