Editing EAU & ASCO: Penile Cancer 2023 (section)

=== Recurrence ===

* Local or regional nodal recurrences usually occur within 2-3 years of primary treatment
** Local recurrence is easily detected by physical examination, by the patient himself or his physician.
** Regional recurrence requires timely treatment by rILND with (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy/chemoradiotherapy.
* Follow-up also depends on the primary treatment modality
** Histology from the glans should be obtained to confirm disease-free status following laser ablation or topical chemotherapy
* After local treatment with negative inguinal nodes
** Follow-up should include physical examination of the penis and groins for local and/or regional recurrence. Additional imaging has no proven benefit