Editing Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Cancer (section)

====== Technique ======
*See Nephroureterectomy Chapter Notes for technical aspects
*'''Approach[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37096584/]'''
**Open, robotic, and laparoscopic approaches are suitable
***Minimally invasive approaches were associated with favorable perioperative outcomes including shorter length of stay and fewer complications, and, therefore, are favored for most patients when principles of RNU can be maintained
***Consider open surgical approaches for large, bulky UTUC with clinical evidence for direct invasion to adjacent structures
*'''Bladder cuff excision[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37096584/]'''
**Worse local and metastatic recurrence rates with associated decreased CSS and OS for patients who did not receive complete BCE.
** Approach
***Extravesical or transvesical (e.g., midline cystotomy)
***Open, minimally invasive or transurethral endoscopic techniques.
****Transurethral endoscopic approaches are associated with higher recurrence rates in the bladder and may limit the ability to utilize post-NU intravesical therapies if the bladder is not fully closed