Editing Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Cancer (section)

====Treatment Selection====

* '''Based on risk stratification (see above)'''

=====UrologySchool.com Summary=====
'''AUA'''
*'''<span style="color:#ff0000">If low-risk</span>'''
**'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Favorable</span>'''
***'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Tumor ablation (preferred, when technically feasible)</span>'''
****Observational studies suggest similar cancer-specific survival, similar complication rates, and improved renal function outcomes with endoscopic ablation, compared to nephroureterectomy
**'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Unfavorable</span>'''
***'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Tumor ablation (optional for patients with low-volume tumors or cannot undergo RNU)</span>'''
***'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Surgical removal (radical nephroureterectomy or segmental ureterectomy)</span>'''
**'''<span style="color:#ff0000">If low-risk and complete endoscopic ablation not feasible, chemoablation (in-situ tissue destruction) with mitomycin containing reverse thermal gel can be a treatment alternative</span>'''
*'''<span style="color:#ff0000">If high-risk</span>'''
** '''<span style="color:#ff0000">RNU with complete bladder cuff excision and lymphadenectomy is the standard of care for patients with HR UTUC.</span>'''
**'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Favorable</span>'''
***'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Surgical removal (preferred)</span>'''
***'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Tumor ablation (optional for patients with low-volume tumors or cannot undergo RNU)</span>'''
****'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Select patients who have low-volume tumors or cannot undergo RNU</span>'''
**'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Unfavorable</span>'''
***'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Surgical removal (preferred)</span>'''
**'''<span style="color:#ff0000">For surgically eligible patients with HR and unfavorable LR cancers endoscopically confirmed as confined to the lower ureter in a functional renal unit, distal ureterectomy with ureteral reimplant is the preferred treatment</span>'''