Editing Urinary Tract Infections (section)

=== Management ===
* '''CIC has been shown to decrease lower urinarcy tract complications by maintaining low intravesical pressure and reducing the incidence of stones. CIC also appears to reduce complications associated with an indwelling catheter, such as UTI, fever, bacteremia, and local infections such as epididymitis and prostatitis.'''
** Suprapubic catheters and indwelling urethral catheters eventually have an equivalent infection rate. However, the onset of bacteriuria may be delayed using a suprapubic catheter compared with a urethral catheter (different than NLUTD guidelines which suggest decreased infection rate with suprapubic compared to indwelling)
** '''In the absence of vesicoureteral reflux, asymptomatic bacteruria in patients managed with clean intermittent catheterization is not a significant risk factor for renal damage and does not require antibiotic therapy.'''
* '''Only symptomatic patients require therapy'''.
** Because of the diverse flora and high probability of bacterial resistance, a urine culture must be obtained before initiating empirical therapy.
** '''For afebrile patients, an oral fluoroquinolone is the agent of choice.'''
* '''An indwelling catheter should be changed to ensure maximal drainage and eliminate bacterial foci in catheter encrustations'''.
* '''Antimicrobial prophylaxis is not supported for most patients who have neurogenic bladder caused by spinal cord injury'''