Editing Acute Scrotum (section)

===== History and Physical Exam =====
*'''History'''
**The inciting event for torsion is unknown
**History of prior episodes may be elicited
**Nausea/vomiting occurs in 10-60% of boys
**Dysuria and fever are uncommon
*'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Physical exam</span>'''
**'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Most common physical findings (4):</span>'''
**#'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Generalized testicular tenderness</span>'''
**#'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Abnormal (horizontal) orientation of the testis</span>'''
**#'''<span style="color:#ff0000">High-riding testis</span>''' from a foreshortened cord
**#'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Absent cremasteric/genitofemoral reflex</span>'''
**#*'''Elicited by scratching the inner thigh with resultant testis elevation'''
**#*'''Normally present age >2 years'''
**#*'''Some studies report reduced or absent reflex in all cases of testicular torsion, but intact in up to 10% of proven cases of torsion in other series'''
**Scrotal edema and erythema may be present, depending on the duration or degree of torsion.