Prostate: Difference between revisions

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* The narrowed '''apex is the most inferior portion of the prostate gland,''' reaching the urogenital diaphragm. '''The apex of the prostate is continuous with the striated urethral sphincter'''

* '''The prostate is fixed to the pubic bone anteriorly by the puboprostatic ligaments near the apex of the prostate'''

* '''70% of the ~~prostate’s~~ composition ~~is glandular elements, 30% is fibromuscular stroma.~~'''

* '''Composed of (2):'''

** The non-glandular ~~anterior fibromuscular stroma is found extending from~~ the bladder neck to the striated sphincter[[File:Prostate zones.png|alt=Prostate Anatomy Zones|thumb|710x710px|Mikael Häggström, M.D. Author info - Reusing images- Conflicts of interest: NoneMikael Häggström, M.D., CC0, via [[commons:File:Prostate_zones.png|Wikimedia]] Commons]]

**'''Fibromuscular stroma'''

** '''~~Glandular elements divided~~ into 3 anatomic zones (largest to smallest):'''

**'''Glandular elements'''

**# '''Peripheral zone'''

**#* '''≈70% of the glandular prostate tissue'''

=== Fibromuscular stroma ===

**#* '''Most (≈70%) prostate cancers occur in the peripheral zone'''

**# '''Central zone'''

* '''≈30% of the prostate's composition'''

**#* '''≈25% of the glandular prostate tissue'''

* Non-glandular component

**#* '''Surrounds the opening of the ejaculatory ducts'''

* Continuous with the detrusor fibres of the bladder neck and tapers distally toward the striated sphincter area[https://www.baus.org.uk/_userfiles/pages/files/Publications/Transrectal%20Ultrasound%20%20Prostatic%20Biopsy%20FINAL.pdf]

**# '''Transitional zone'''

*Tightly adherent to the glandular tissue of the prostate[https://www.baus.org.uk/_userfiles/pages/files/Publications/Transrectal%20Ultrasound%20%20Prostatic%20Biopsy%20FINAL.pdf]

**#* '''≈3-5% of the glandular prostate tissue'''

**Not described as a seperate entitiy on US

**#* '''Separated''' '''from the rest of the glandular compartments of the prostate by a distinct fibromuscular band'''

**#* '''Benign prostatic hyperplasia most commonly occurs in the transitional zone'''

=== Glandular elements ===

**#* '''≈20% of prostate cancers occur in the transitional zone'''

* '''≈70% of the prostate's composition'''[[File:Prostate zones.png|alt=Prostate Anatomy Zones|thumb|710x710px|Mikael Häggström, M.D. Author info - Reusing images- Conflicts of interest: NoneMikael Häggström, M.D., CC0, via [[commons:File:Prostate_zones.png|Wikimedia]] Commons]]

* '''Divided into anatomic zones (largest to smallest) (3):'''

*# '''Peripheral zone'''

*#* '''≈70% of the glandular prostate tissue'''

*#* '''Most (≈70%) prostate cancers occur in the peripheral zone'''

*# '''Central zone'''

*#* '''≈25% of the glandular prostate tissue'''

*#* '''Surrounds the opening of the ejaculatory ducts'''

*# '''Transitional zone'''

*#* '''≈3-5% of the glandular prostate tissue'''

*#*In the young adult male, only constitutes about 5-10% of male prostate; with age and the development of BPH, the TZ can occupy a large part of the glandular prostate[https://www.baus.org.uk/_userfiles/pages/files/Publications/Transrectal%20Ultrasound%20%20Prostatic%20Biopsy%20FINAL.pdf]

*#*Anterior to the peripheral zone

*#* '''Separated''' '''from the rest of the glandular compartments of the prostate by a distinct fibromuscular band'''

*#* '''Benign prostatic hyperplasia most commonly occurs in the transitional zone'''

*#* '''≈20% of prostate cancers occur in the transitional zone'''

== Pelvic fasciae ==

@@ Line 11: / Line 11: @@
 * The narrowed '''apex is the most inferior portion of the prostate gland,''' reaching the urogenital diaphragm. '''The apex of the prostate is continuous with the striated urethral sphincter'''
 * '''The prostate is fixed to the pubic bone anteriorly by the puboprostatic ligaments near the apex of the prostate'''
-* '''70% of the prostate’s composition is glandular elements, 30% is fibromuscular stroma.'''
+* '''Composed of (2):'''
-** The non-glandular anterior fibromuscular stroma is found extending from the bladder neck to the striated sphincter[[File:Prostate zones.png|alt=Prostate Anatomy Zones|thumb|710x710px|Mikael Häggström, M.D. Author info - Reusing images- Conflicts of interest:  NoneMikael Häggström, M.D., CC0, via [[commons:File:Prostate_zones.png|Wikimedia]] Commons]]
+**'''Fibromuscular stroma'''
-** '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Glandular elements divided into 3 anatomic zones (largest to smallest):</span>'''
+**'''Glandular elements'''
-**# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Peripheral zone</span>'''
-**#* '''≈70% of the glandular prostate tissue'''
+=== Fibromuscular stroma ===
-**#* '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Most (≈70%) prostate cancers occur in the peripheral zone</span>'''
-**# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Central zone</span>'''
+* '''≈30% of the prostate's composition'''
-**#* '''≈25% of the glandular prostate tissue'''
+* Non-glandular component
-**#* '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Surrounds the opening of the ejaculatory ducts</span>'''
+* Continuous with the detrusor fibres of the bladder neck and tapers distally toward the striated sphincter area[https://www.baus.org.uk/_userfiles/pages/files/Publications/Transrectal%20Ultrasound%20%20Prostatic%20Biopsy%20FINAL.pdf]
-**# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Transitional zone</span>'''
+*Tightly adherent to the glandular tissue of the prostate[https://www.baus.org.uk/_userfiles/pages/files/Publications/Transrectal%20Ultrasound%20%20Prostatic%20Biopsy%20FINAL.pdf]
-**#* '''≈3-5% of the glandular prostate tissue'''
+**Not described as a seperate entitiy on US
-**#* '''Separated''' </span>'''from the rest of the glandular compartments of the prostate by a distinct fibromuscular band</span>'''
-**#* '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Benign prostatic hyperplasia most commonly occurs in the transitional zone</span>'''
+=== Glandular elements ===
-**#* '''<span style="color:#ff0000">≈20% of prostate cancers occur in the transitional zone</span>'''
+* '''≈70% of the prostate's composition'''[[File:Prostate zones.png|alt=Prostate Anatomy Zones|thumb|710x710px|Mikael Häggström, M.D. Author info - Reusing images- Conflicts of interest:  NoneMikael Häggström, M.D., CC0, via [[commons:File:Prostate_zones.png|Wikimedia]] Commons]]
+* '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Divided into anatomic zones (largest to smallest) (3):</span>'''
+*# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Peripheral zone</span>'''
+*#* '''≈70% of the glandular prostate tissue'''
+*#* '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Most (≈70%) prostate cancers occur in the peripheral zone</span>'''
+*# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Central zone</span>'''
+*#* '''≈25% of the glandular prostate tissue'''
+*#* '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Surrounds the opening of the ejaculatory ducts</span>'''
+*# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Transitional zone</span>'''
+*#* '''≈3-5% of the glandular prostate tissue'''
+*#*In the young adult male, only constitutes about 5-10% of male prostate; with age and the development of BPH, the TZ can occupy a large part of the glandular prostate[https://www.baus.org.uk/_userfiles/pages/files/Publications/Transrectal%20Ultrasound%20%20Prostatic%20Biopsy%20FINAL.pdf]
+*#*Anterior to the peripheral zone
+*#* '''Separated''' </span>'''from the rest of the glandular compartments of the prostate by a distinct fibromuscular band</span>'''
+*#* '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Benign prostatic hyperplasia most commonly occurs in the transitional zone</span>'''
+*#* '''<span style="color:#ff0000">≈20% of prostate cancers occur in the transitional zone</span>'''
 == Pelvic fasciae ==