Adrenals: Difference between revisions
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=== Arterial Supply === | === Arterial Supply === | ||
* '''Sources (3):''' | * '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Sources (3):''' | ||
*# '''Superior adrenal artery, typically arises from the inferior phrenic artery''', and rarely from the aorta, celiac axis, or intercostal arteries. | *# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Superior adrenal artery, typically arises from the inferior phrenic artery</span>''', and rarely from the aorta, celiac axis, or intercostal arteries. | ||
*# '''Middle adrenal artery, typically arises from the lateral aspect of the aorta''' and rarely from the inferior phrenic artery or renal artery. | *# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Middle adrenal artery, typically arises from the lateral aspect of the aorta</span>''' and rarely from the inferior phrenic artery or renal artery. | ||
*# '''Inferior adrenal artery typically arises from the''' superior aspect of the '''ipsilateral renal artery''' | *# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Inferior adrenal artery typically arises from the</span>''' superior aspect of the '''<span style="color:#ff0000">ipsilateral renal artery''' | ||
** '''The superior arterial supply from the phrenic artery is constant; the middle and inferior arteries are variable''' | ** '''The superior arterial supply from the phrenic artery is constant; the middle and inferior arteries are variable''' | ||
* '''Blood distribution within the adrenal gland''' | * '''Blood distribution within the adrenal gland''' | ||
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*#** '''The adrenal gland is the primary source of systemic epinephrine''' | *#** '''The adrenal gland is the primary source of systemic epinephrine''' | ||
*#*** Despite the presence of similar chromaffin cells elsewhere in the sympathetic nervous system, the enzyme phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase ('''PNMT'''), which '''catalyzes the conversion of norepinephrine to epinephrine, is relatively unique to the adrenal medulla''' (the brain and organ of Zuckerkandl also express this enzyme) | *#*** Despite the presence of similar chromaffin cells elsewhere in the sympathetic nervous system, the enzyme phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase ('''PNMT'''), which '''catalyzes the conversion of norepinephrine to epinephrine, is relatively unique to the adrenal medulla''' (the brain and organ of Zuckerkandl also express this enzyme) | ||
[[File:1818 The Adrenal Glands.jpg|alt=Adrenal gland anatomy and histology. |center|thumb|900x900px|Adrenal gland anatomy and histology. Source: [[commons:File:1818_The_Adrenal_Glands.jpg|Wikipedia]]]] | |||
== Radiology == | == Radiology == | ||