Pathophysiology of Erectile Dysfunction: Difference between revisions
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===== Antihypertensive Agents ===== | ===== Antihypertensive Agents ===== | ||
* '''Almost all antihypertensive drugs have ED listed as a potential side effect''', though recent well-designed controlled clinical trials have clarified their association with ED | * '''Almost all antihypertensive drugs have ED listed as a potential side effect''', though recent well-designed controlled clinical trials have clarified their association with ED | ||
* '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Associated with ED</span>''' | * '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Associated with ED (3)</span>''' | ||
*# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">α2-agonists (e.g. clonidine)</span>''' | *# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">α2-agonists (e.g. clonidine)</span>''' | ||
*# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Diuretics</span>''' | *# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Methyldopa (centrally acting antihypertensive agent)</span>''' | ||
*#'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Diuretics</span>''' | |||
*#* '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Spironolactone</span>''' is a nonselective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist with moderate affinity for progesterone and androgen receptors. The latter property increases the likelihood of endocrine side effects, including loss of libido, gynecomastia, and impotence | *#* '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Spironolactone</span>''' is a nonselective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist with moderate affinity for progesterone and androgen receptors. The latter property increases the likelihood of endocrine side effects, including loss of libido, gynecomastia, and impotence | ||
* '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Not associated with ED</span>''' | *#*'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Thiazides (e.g. hydrochlorothiazide)''' | ||
* '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Variably associated with ED</span>''' | |||
** '''<span style="color:#ff0000">β-blockers</span>''' | |||
*** '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Non-selective β antagonists (e.g. propranolol, labetalol) are associated with ED</span>''' | |||
*** '''<span style="color:#ff0000">β1-selective antagonists (e.g. acebutolol, atenolol, bisoprolol, metoprolol, esmolol) are not associated with ED</span>''' | |||
*'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Not associated with ED</span>''' | |||
*# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">ACE-inhibitors</span>''' | *# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">ACE-inhibitors</span>''' | ||
*# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">ARBs</span>''' | *# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">ARBs</span>''' | ||
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*#* May cause retrograde ejaculation | *#* May cause retrograde ejaculation | ||
*# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Calcium channel blockers</span>''' | *# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Calcium channel blockers</span>''' | ||
** ARBs and α-blockers may exert a positive effect of erectile function[https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1524-6175.2005.05285.x?sid=nlm%3Apubmed#t1 §] | ** '''ARBs and α-blockers may exert a positive effect of erectile function[https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1524-6175.2005.05285.x?sid=nlm%3Apubmed#t1 §]''' | ||
===== Psychotropics (antipsychotics, antidepressants, anxiolytics) ===== | ===== Psychotropics (antipsychotics, antidepressants, anxiolytics) ===== | ||