Landmark studies: Difference between revisions
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== Oncology == | == Oncology == | ||
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* CAP 2018 | * CAP 2018 | ||
==== Diagnosis and | ==== Diagnosis and Evaluation ==== | ||
* MRI PROMIS 2017 | * MRI PROMIS 2017 | ||
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* STHLM3 NEJM 2021 (MRI-targetted vs. standard biopsy in prostate cancer screening) | * STHLM3 NEJM 2021 (MRI-targetted vs. standard biopsy in prostate cancer screening) | ||
* PET proPSMA 2020 | * PET proPSMA 2020 | ||
* [[Prostate Cancer: Diagnosis and evaluation#Targeted biopsy only vs. targeted and systematic|Goteborg-2 NEJM 2022 & 2024]] (Systematic +/- targeted vs. targeted only prostate biopsy diagnosis and screening) | |||
==== PSA and Other Markers ==== | ==== PSA and Other Markers ==== | ||
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* REDEEM Lancet 2012 (dutasteride in AS progression) | * REDEEM Lancet 2012 (dutasteride in AS progression) | ||
==== Radical prostatectomy ==== | |||
* Antibiotic prophylaxis at the time of catheter removal after radical prostatectomy | * Antibiotic prophylaxis at the time of catheter removal after radical prostatectomy | ||
==== Radiation and ADT ==== | |||
* EORTC 22863 NEJM 1997 (EBRT +/- 3 years ADT) | * EORTC 22863 NEJM 1997 (EBRT +/- 3 years ADT) | ||
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* SPCG-7/SFUO-3 | * SPCG-7/SFUO-3 | ||
==== | ==== Post-prostatectomy radiation ==== | ||
* Adjuvant vs. Observation | |||
**[https://test.urologyschool.com/index.php/Prostate_Cancer:_Management_of_Locally_Advanced_Prostate_Cancer#Southwest_Oncology_Group_(SWOG)_8794 SWOG 8794] | |||
**[https://test.urologyschool.com/index.php/Prostate_Cancer:_Management_of_Locally_Advanced_Prostate_Cancer#European_Organization_for_Research_and_Treatment_of_Cancer_(EORTC)_22911 EORTC 22911] | |||
**[https://test.urologyschool.com/index.php/Prostate_Cancer:_Management_of_Locally_Advanced_Prostate_Cancer#ARO_96-02 ARO 96-02] | |||
*ARTISTIC Lancet 2020 (meta-analysis of adjuvant vs. salvage) | |||
*RADICALS Lancet 2020 (adjuvant vs. salvage) | |||
==== Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer ==== | |||
* CHAARTED NEJM 2015 (docetaxel) | * CHAARTED NEJM 2015 (docetaxel) | ||
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* ARCHES JCO 2019 (enzalutamide) | * ARCHES JCO 2019 (enzalutamide) | ||
* TITAN NEJM 2019 (enzalutamide) | * TITAN NEJM 2019 (enzalutamide) | ||
*[https://test.urologyschool.com/index.php/Hormonal_Therapy#LHRH_antagonists HERO NEJM 2020 (LHRH antagonist)] | |||
==== Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer ==== | |||
===== Non-metastatic ===== | |||
* ARAMIS NEJM 2018 (darolutamide) | * ARAMIS NEJM 2018 (darolutamide) | ||
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* PROSPER NEJM 2018 (enzalutamide) | * PROSPER NEJM 2018 (enzalutamide) | ||
===== Metastatic ===== | |||
Pre-docetaxel | Pre-docetaxel | ||
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==== NMIBC ==== | ==== NMIBC ==== | ||
Blue-light vs. white-light flexible cystoscopy in NMIBC surveillance 2018 | |||
* [https://test.urologyschool.com/index.php/Bladder_Cancer:_Diagnosis_and_Evaluation#Enhanced_cystoscopy Blue-light vs. white-light flexible cystoscopy in NMIBC surveillance 2018] | |||
===== Intravesical Therapy ===== | ===== Intravesical Therapy ===== | ||
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===== Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy ===== | ===== Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy ===== | ||
* SWOG 8710 NEJM 2003 (neoadjuvant MVAC) | * [https://test.urologyschool.com/index.php/Muscle-Invasive_Bladder_Cancer#Evidence SWOG 8710 NEJM 2003 (neoadjuvant MVAC)] | ||
* BA06 30894 JCO 2011 (neoadjuvant CMV) | * [https://test.urologyschool.com/index.php/Muscle-Invasive_Bladder_Cancer#Evidence BA06 30894 JCO 2011 (neoadjuvant CMV)] | ||
===== Immunotherapy ===== | ===== Immunotherapy ===== | ||
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* [https://test.urologyschool.com/index.php/Cystectomy#RAZOR_(Lancet_2018) RAZOR Lancet 2018 (robotic vs. open radical cystectomy)] | * [https://test.urologyschool.com/index.php/Cystectomy#RAZOR_(Lancet_2018) RAZOR Lancet 2018 (robotic vs. open radical cystectomy)] | ||
* [https:// | |||
====== Lymphadenectomy ====== | |||
* [[Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer#SWOG S1011 (NEJM 2024)|SWOG S1011 (standard vs. extended LND)]] | |||
* [https://urologyschool.com/wikiuro/index.php/Muscle-Invasive_Bladder_Cancer#LEA_AUO_AB_25/02_(European_Urology_2019) LEA AUO AB 25/02 (limited vs. extended LND)] | |||
==== Systemic treatment for locally advanced, unresectable, or metastatic disease ==== | ==== Systemic treatment for locally advanced, unresectable, or metastatic disease ==== | ||
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* Testosterone Deficiency | * Testosterone Deficiency | ||
**TEAAM (Testosterone's Effects on Atherosclerosis Progression in Aging Men) JAMA 2015 | **[https://test.urologyschool.com/index.php/Male_Reproductive_Physiology#TEAAM_(Testosterone's_Effects_on_Atherosclerosis_Progression_in_Aging_Men)_(JAMA_2015) TEAAM (Testosterone's Effects on Atherosclerosis Progression in Aging Men) JAMA 2015] | ||
*Peyronie's Disease | *Peyronie's Disease | ||
**[https://test.urologyschool.com/index.php/Peyronie%27s_Disease#Intralesional_injection IMPRESS I & 2 (Clostridial collagenase (Xiaflex) trials)] | **[https://test.urologyschool.com/index.php/Peyronie%27s_Disease#Intralesional_injection IMPRESS I & 2 (Clostridial collagenase (Xiaflex) trials)] | ||
| Line 191: | Line 199: | ||
=== Functional === | === Functional === | ||
* MTOPS (combination alpha-blocker + 5ARI) | * MTOPS (combination alpha-blocker + 5ARI) | ||
* CombAT (combination alpha-blocker + 5ARI) | * CombAT (combination alpha-blocker + 5ARI) | ||
| Line 202: | Line 209: | ||
* Mechanical Bowel Preparation for Elective Colorectal Surgery Cochrane Review 2011 | * Mechanical Bowel Preparation for Elective Colorectal Surgery Cochrane Review 2011 | ||
=== Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery === | |||
* Fecal Incontinence | |||
**CAPABLE (biofeedback vs loperamide for FI) | |||
*Mixed Urinary Incontinence | |||
**ESTEEM (PT + Sling vs Sling alone) | |||
*Pelvic Organ Prolapse | |||
**OPTIMAL/eOPTIMAL (SSLF vs USLS for apical prolapse; PMFT vs no intervention for associated urinary symptoms) | |||
**PESSRI (ring vs gelhorn pessary) | |||
**SUPeR/eSUPeR (vaginal mesh hysteropexy vs TVH/USLS for POP) | |||
*Prolapse Associated Incontinence | |||
**CARE/eCARE (Burch + colpopexy vs colpopexy alone in women with preop SUI) | |||
**OPUS (Vaginal POP surgery + TVT vs vaginal POP surgery alone) | |||
*Non-neurogenic Overactive Bladder | |||
**ABC (Anticholinergics vs Onabotulinum toxin A) | |||
**ORBIT (PTNS vs Tolterodine ER) | |||
**ROSETTA (Onabotulinum Toxin A 200u vs Interstim) | |||
**SUMiT/STEP (PTNS vs Sham; PTNS longitudinal single arm) | |||
*Stress Urinary Incontinence | |||
**ATLAS (Continence pessary vs behavioral therapy vs Combined therapy) | |||
**SISTeR (Burch vs fascial sling) | |||
**TOMUS (retropubic vs. transobturator MUS) | |||
**VALUE (office eval vs preop UDS for preop eval of uncomplicated SUI and MUS outcomes) | |||
*Other | |||
**Surgical Outcomes in Urogynecology-Assessment of Perioperative and Postoperative Complications Relative to Preoperative Hemoglobin A1c | |||
Latest revision as of 06:03, 7 October 2024
Oncology[edit | edit source]
Prostate Cancer[edit | edit source]
Prevention[edit | edit source]
- PCPT 2003 (Finasteride)
- SELECT 2009 (Selenium and Vitamin E)
- REDUCE 2010 (Dutasteride)
Screening[edit | edit source]
- PLCO 2008
- ERSPC 2009
- Goteburg 2010
- CAP 2018
Diagnosis and Evaluation[edit | edit source]
- MRI PROMIS 2017
- PRECISION 2018
- MRI-FIRST 2019
- ASIST 2019 (MRI in AS)
- STHLM3 NEJM 2021 (MRI-targetted vs. standard biopsy in prostate cancer screening)
- PET proPSMA 2020
- Goteborg-2 NEJM 2022 & 2024 (Systematic +/- targeted vs. targeted only prostate biopsy diagnosis and screening)
PSA and Other Markers[edit | edit source]
- Stamey et al. NEJM 1987
- Catalona et al. NEJM 1991
- Catalona et al. J Urol 1994 (PSA vs. DRE detection in screening)
- Catalona et al. 1998 (%fPSA)
Prostate Biopsy[edit | edit source]
- Antibiotic Prophylaxis in TRUS Biopsy of the Prostate Cochrane Review 2011
- Rates of hospital admission and mortality after TRUS-biopsy J Urol 2013
Management of Localized Disease[edit | edit source]
Observation vs. Treatment of Prostate Cancer[edit | edit source]
- PIVOT NEJM 2012
- SPCG-4 NEJM 2014
- PROTECT NEJM 2016
Active surveillance[edit | edit source]
- REDEEM Lancet 2012 (dutasteride in AS progression)
Radical prostatectomy[edit | edit source]
- Antibiotic prophylaxis at the time of catheter removal after radical prostatectomy
Radiation and ADT[edit | edit source]
- EORTC 22863 NEJM 1997 (EBRT +/- 3 years ADT)
- RTOG 86-10 (EBRT +/- 4 months ADT)
- RTOG 92-02
- EORTC 22961
- PR3/PR07
- SPCG-7/SFUO-3
Post-prostatectomy radiation[edit | edit source]
- Adjuvant vs. Observation
- ARTISTIC Lancet 2020 (meta-analysis of adjuvant vs. salvage)
- RADICALS Lancet 2020 (adjuvant vs. salvage)
Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer[edit | edit source]
- CHAARTED NEJM 2015 (docetaxel)
- STAMPEDE Lancet 2016 (docetaxel)
- STAMPEDE NEJM 2017 (abiraterone)
- LATITUDE NEJM 2017 (abiraterone)
- STAMPEDE Lancet 2018 (radiation)
- ENZAMET NEJM 2019 (enzalutamide)
- ARCHES JCO 2019 (enzalutamide)
- TITAN NEJM 2019 (enzalutamide)
- HERO NEJM 2020 (LHRH antagonist)
Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer[edit | edit source]
Non-metastatic[edit | edit source]
- ARAMIS NEJM 2018 (darolutamide)
- SPARTAN NEJM 2018 (apalutamide)
- PROSPER NEJM 2018 (enzalutamide)
Metastatic[edit | edit source]
Pre-docetaxel
- AFFIRM NEJM 2012 (enzalutamide)
- PREVAIL NEJM 2014 (enzalutamide)
- COU-AA-302
- TAX-327
- IMPACT
Post-docetaxel
- COU-AA-301
- VISION (177Lu-PSMA-617)
- PROfound NEJM 2020 (Olaparib)
- Denosumab vs. zoledronate
- TheraP (177Lu-PSMA-617 vs. cabazitaxel)
- ALSYMPCA (Radium-223)
Incidence of germline mutations in genes mediating DNA-repair processes in prostate cancer NEJM 2016
Kidney Cancer[edit | edit source]
- EORTC 30904 Partial vs. Radical Nephrectomy
- EORTC 30811 Eur Urol 2009 LND for cN0 suspected RCC
Cytoreductive nephrectomy[edit | edit source]
- SWOG 8949 IFN-α vs. CN + IFN-α vs.
- EORTC 30947 IFN-α vs. CN + IFN-α
- SURTIME JAMA Onc 2019 CN + sunitnib vs. sunitnib + CN
- CARMENA NEJM 2018 sunitnib vs. CN + sunitnib
Systemic treatment for metastatic disease[edit | edit source]
- CheckMate 214 NEJM 2018 (nivolumab + ipilimumab vs. sunitnib for untreated, advanced clear-cell RCC)
- CheckMate 9ER NEJM 2020 (nivolumab + cabozantinib vs. sunitnib for untreated, advanced clear-cell RCC)
- CLEAR NEJM 2021 (lenvatinib + pembrolizumab vs. lenvatinib + everolimus vs. sunitinib)
Adjuvant therapy after nephrectomy[edit | edit source]
- ASSURE Lancet 2016 (sunitnib vs. sorafenib)
- S-TRAC (sunitnib)
- KEYNOTE-564 (pembrolizumab)
Bladder Cancer[edit | edit source]
NMIBC[edit | edit source]
Intravesical Therapy[edit | edit source]
Chemotherapy[edit | edit source]
- Meta-analysis of trials evaluating chemotherapy on risk of NMIBC recurrence 2013
BCG[edit | edit source]
- SWOG 8216/38 NEJM 1991 (BCG vs. doxorubicin BCG maintenance)
- SWOG 8507 J Urol 2000 (induction vs. induction + maintenance BCG)
- BCG and NMIBC Recurrence Cochrane Review 2000
- BCG and NMIBC Progression Meta-analaysis 2002
- BCG vs. MMC in NMIBC Cochrane Review 2003
BCG unresponsive NMIBC[edit | edit source]
- KEYNOTE-057 (pembrolizumab for BCG-unresponsive CIS)
MIBC[edit | edit source]
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy[edit | edit source]
Immunotherapy[edit | edit source]
Cystectomy[edit | edit source]
Lymphadenectomy[edit | edit source]
Systemic treatment for locally advanced, unresectable, or metastatic disease[edit | edit source]
- KEYNOTE-361 Lancet Onc 2021 (pembrolizumab + chemotherapy vs. chemotherapy alone vs. pembrolizumab alone)
Upper tract urothelial carcinoma[edit | edit source]
- Olympus Lancet Onc 2020 (UGN-101 for papillary UTUC)
Non-Oncology[edit | edit source]
Andrology[edit | edit source]
- Testosterone Deficiency
- Peyronie's Disease
Functional[edit | edit source]
- MTOPS (combination alpha-blocker + 5ARI)
- CombAT (combination alpha-blocker + 5ARI)
Pediatrics[edit | edit source]
- RIVUR NEJM 2014 (antibiotic prophylaxis in VUR)
Other[edit | edit source]
- Mechanical Bowel Preparation for Elective Colorectal Surgery Cochrane Review 2011
Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery[edit | edit source]
- Fecal Incontinence
- CAPABLE (biofeedback vs loperamide for FI)
- Mixed Urinary Incontinence
- ESTEEM (PT + Sling vs Sling alone)
- Pelvic Organ Prolapse
- OPTIMAL/eOPTIMAL (SSLF vs USLS for apical prolapse; PMFT vs no intervention for associated urinary symptoms)
- PESSRI (ring vs gelhorn pessary)
- SUPeR/eSUPeR (vaginal mesh hysteropexy vs TVH/USLS for POP)
- Prolapse Associated Incontinence
- CARE/eCARE (Burch + colpopexy vs colpopexy alone in women with preop SUI)
- OPUS (Vaginal POP surgery + TVT vs vaginal POP surgery alone)
- Non-neurogenic Overactive Bladder
- ABC (Anticholinergics vs Onabotulinum toxin A)
- ORBIT (PTNS vs Tolterodine ER)
- ROSETTA (Onabotulinum Toxin A 200u vs Interstim)
- SUMiT/STEP (PTNS vs Sham; PTNS longitudinal single arm)
- Stress Urinary Incontinence
- ATLAS (Continence pessary vs behavioral therapy vs Combined therapy)
- SISTeR (Burch vs fascial sling)
- TOMUS (retropubic vs. transobturator MUS)
- VALUE (office eval vs preop UDS for preop eval of uncomplicated SUI and MUS outcomes)
- Other
- Surgical Outcomes in Urogynecology-Assessment of Perioperative and Postoperative Complications Relative to Preoperative Hemoglobin A1c