Functional: Neural Control of Storage and Voiding: Difference between revisions
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*# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Sympathetic nervous system via the hypogastric (T11-L2) nerve</span>''' | *# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Sympathetic nervous system via the hypogastric (T11-L2) nerve</span>''' | ||
*# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Somatic nervous system via the pudendal (S2-S4) nerve</span>''' | *# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Somatic nervous system via the pudendal (S2-S4) nerve</span>''' | ||
** '''The pelvic, hypogastric, and pudendal nerve are mixed nerves and carry efferent and afferent innervation''' | ** '''<span style="color:#ff0000">The pelvic, hypogastric, and pudendal nerve are mixed nerves and carry efferent and afferent innervation</span>''' | ||
=== Efferent innervation === | === Efferent innervation === | ||
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=== Afferent innervation === | === Afferent innervation === | ||
* '''Afferent input reaches the spinal cord from (3):''' | * '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Afferent input reaches the spinal cord from (3):</span>''' | ||
*#'''Pelvic nerve (S2-S4)''' | *#'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Pelvic nerve (S2-S4)</span>''' | ||
*#'''Hypogastric nerve (T11-L2)''' | *#'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Hypogastric nerve (T11-L2)</span>''' | ||
*#'''Pudendal nerve (S2-S4)''' | *#'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Pudendal nerve (S2-S4)</span>''' | ||
* '''The primary afferent neurons of the pelvic and pudendal nerves are contained in sacral dorsal root ganglia, whereas afferent innervation in the hypogastric nerves arises in the''' rostral '''lumbar dorsal root ganglia.''' | * '''The primary afferent neurons of the pelvic and pudendal nerves are contained in sacral dorsal root ganglia, whereas afferent innervation in the hypogastric nerves arises in the''' rostral '''lumbar dorsal root ganglia.''' | ||
** The central axons of the dorsal root ganglia neurons carry the sensory information from the LUT to second-order neurons in the spinal cord. These second-order neurons provide the basis for spinal reflexes and ascending pathways to higher brain regions involved in micturition, continence, and mediation of sensation. | ** The central axons of the dorsal root ganglia neurons carry the sensory information from the LUT to second-order neurons in the spinal cord. These second-order neurons provide the basis for spinal reflexes and ascending pathways to higher brain regions involved in micturition, continence, and mediation of sensation. | ||
* '''Pelvic nerve afferents''' | * '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Pelvic nerve afferents</span>''' | ||
** '''Most important afferent for initiating and maintaining normal micturition''' | ** '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Most important afferent for initiating and maintaining normal micturition</span>''' | ||
**'''Consist of myelinated (Aδ) and unmyelinated (C) axons''' | **'''Consist of myelinated (Aδ) and unmyelinated (C) axons''' | ||
** '''Monitor the volume of the bladder and the amplitude of the bladder contraction''' | ** '''Monitor the volume of the bladder and the amplitude of the bladder contraction''' | ||
**'''Provides most of the afferent input from the bladder and urethra''' | **'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Provides most of the afferent input from the bladder and urethra</span>''' | ||
*'''Hypogastric nerve afferents''' | *'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Hypogastric nerve afferents</span>''' | ||
**'''Provides some of afferent input from the bladder and urethra''' | **'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Provides some of afferent input from the bladder and urethra</span>''' | ||
*'''Pudendal nerve afferents''' | *'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Pudendal nerve afferents</span>''' | ||
**'''Provides afferent input from the striated muscle of the sphincter and pelvic floor''' | **'''<span style="color:#ff0000">Provides afferent input from the striated muscle of the sphincter and pelvic floor</span>''' | ||
* '''Bladder Afferent Properties''' | * '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Bladder Afferent Properties</span>''' | ||
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