EAU & ASCO: Penile Cancer 2023: Difference between revisions
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Urology4all (talk | contribs) Created page with "See Original Guidelines == Background == * Penile cancer negatively impacts quality of life through ** Physical and emotional changes ** Feelings of mutilation ** Loss of masculinity ** Voiding and sexual dysfunction, which in turn can result in relationship breakdowns and withdrawal from society ** Lymphedema * * >95% of penile cancers are squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) == Diagnosis and Evaluation == == Management == == References ==" |
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** Voiding and sexual dysfunction, which in turn can result in relationship breakdowns and withdrawal from society | ** Voiding and sexual dysfunction, which in turn can result in relationship breakdowns and withdrawal from society | ||
** Lymphedema | ** Lymphedema | ||
* | |||
== Epidemiology == | |||
* Uncommon in industrialized countries | |||
* More common in South America, Southeast Asia, and parts of Africa | |||
* Race | |||
** Highest incidence in white Hispanics, followed by Alaskans and Native American Indians, African Americans, white non-Hispanics. | |||
* Increasing incidence in Western/developed countries most likely due to higher infection rates of HPV | |||
== Pathophysiology == | |||
=== Risk factors === | |||
* '''Human papilloma virus (HPV)''' | |||
** '''Most important risk factor''' | |||
* '''Phimosis''' | |||
* '''Chronic penile inflamatoin''' | |||
* '''Lichen sclerosus''' | |||
* '''Ultraviolet A phototherapy''' | |||
* '''Low socio-economic status''' | |||
== Pathology == | |||
* >95% of penile cancers are squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) | * >95% of penile cancers are squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) | ||
=== Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma === | |||
* Usually arises from the epithelium of the inner prepuce or the glans | |||
* Subtypes | |||
** HPV-independent | |||
*** Usual (most common) | |||
*** Pseudohyperplastic | |||
*** Pseudoglandular | |||
*** Verrucous | |||
*** Caniculatum | |||
*** Papillary | |||
*** Sarcomatoid (Most aggressive and worse prognosis) | |||
*** Mixed | |||
** HPV-associated | |||
*** Basaloid | |||
*** Warty | |||
*** Clear cell | |||
*** Lymphoepithelioma-like | |||
*** Mixed | |||
== Diagnosis and Evaluation == | == Diagnosis and Evaluation == | ||
== Management == | == Management == | ||
== Prognosis == | |||
* Overall 5-year survival: 67% | |||
** Localized disease: 81% | |||
** Distant metastsis: 18% | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
Revision as of 15:41, 5 September 2024
See Original Guidelines
Background
- Penile cancer negatively impacts quality of life through
- Physical and emotional changes
- Feelings of mutilation
- Loss of masculinity
- Voiding and sexual dysfunction, which in turn can result in relationship breakdowns and withdrawal from society
- Lymphedema
Epidemiology
- Uncommon in industrialized countries
- More common in South America, Southeast Asia, and parts of Africa
- Race
- Highest incidence in white Hispanics, followed by Alaskans and Native American Indians, African Americans, white non-Hispanics.
- Increasing incidence in Western/developed countries most likely due to higher infection rates of HPV
Pathophysiology
Risk factors
- Human papilloma virus (HPV)
- Most important risk factor
- Phimosis
- Chronic penile inflamatoin
- Lichen sclerosus
- Ultraviolet A phototherapy
- Low socio-economic status
Pathology
- >95% of penile cancers are squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs)
Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma
- Usually arises from the epithelium of the inner prepuce or the glans
- Subtypes
- HPV-independent
- Usual (most common)
- Pseudohyperplastic
- Pseudoglandular
- Verrucous
- Caniculatum
- Papillary
- Sarcomatoid (Most aggressive and worse prognosis)
- Mixed
- HPV-associated
- Basaloid
- Warty
- Clear cell
- Lymphoepithelioma-like
- Mixed
- HPV-independent
Diagnosis and Evaluation
Management
Prognosis
- Overall 5-year survival: 67%
- Localized disease: 81%
- Distant metastsis: 18%