Management of Upper Urinary Tract Obstruction: Difference between revisions

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 * '''See Pediatrics Surgery of the Ureter Chapter Notes'''
-* Most cases are congenital, but may only become clinically apparent much later in life
-** Many newborns diagnosed with hydronephrosis are subsequently found to have ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO)
-** '''UPJO in the neonates is most frequently found as a result of maternal-fetal ultrasound'''
 === Etiology ===
 * '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Classified: congenital vs. acquired</span> or intrinsic vs. extrinsic'''
-** '''Congenital UPJO usually results from intrinsic disease'''
+** Most cases are congenital, but may only become clinically apparent much later in life
+***'''Congenital UPJO usually results from intrinsic disease'''
+***Many newborns diagnosed with hydronephrosis are subsequently found to have ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO)
+*** '''UPJO in the neonates is most frequently found as a result of maternal-fetal ultrasound'''
 * '''<span style="color:#ff0000">Congenital causes of UPJO (5):</span><span style="color:#0000ff"> SHAVA</span>'''
 *# '''<span style="color:#ff0000">True ureteral </span><span style="color:#0000ff">S</span><span style="color:#ff0000">tricture</span>'''