EAU & ASCO: Penile Cancer 2023: Difference between revisions

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Created page with "See Original Guidelines == Background == * Penile cancer negatively impacts quality of life through ** Physical and emotional changes ** Feelings of mutilation ** Loss of masculinity ** Voiding and sexual dysfunction, which in turn can result in relationship breakdowns and withdrawal from society ** Lymphedema * * >95% of penile cancers are squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) == Diagnosis and Evaluation == == Management == == References =="
 
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** Voiding and sexual dysfunction, which in turn can result in relationship breakdowns and withdrawal from society
** Voiding and sexual dysfunction, which in turn can result in relationship breakdowns and withdrawal from society
** Lymphedema
** Lymphedema
*  
 
== Epidemiology ==
 
* Uncommon in industrialized countries
* More common in South America, Southeast Asia, and parts of Africa
* Race
** Highest incidence in white Hispanics, followed by Alaskans and Native American Indians, African Americans, white non-Hispanics.
* Increasing incidence in Western/developed countries most likely due to higher infection rates of HPV
 
== Pathophysiology ==
 
=== Risk factors ===
 
* '''Human papilloma virus (HPV)'''
** '''Most important risk factor'''
* '''Phimosis'''
* '''Chronic penile inflamatoin'''
* '''Lichen sclerosus'''
* '''Ultraviolet A phototherapy'''
* '''Low socio-economic status'''
 
== Pathology ==
* >95% of penile cancers are squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs)
* >95% of penile cancers are squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs)
=== Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma ===
* Usually arises from the epithelium of the inner prepuce or the glans
* Subtypes
** HPV-independent
*** Usual (most common)
*** Pseudohyperplastic
*** Pseudoglandular
*** Verrucous
*** Caniculatum
*** Papillary
*** Sarcomatoid (Most aggressive and worse prognosis)
*** Mixed
** HPV-associated
*** Basaloid
*** Warty
*** Clear cell
*** Lymphoepithelioma-like
*** Mixed


== Diagnosis and Evaluation ==
== Diagnosis and Evaluation ==


== Management ==
== Management ==
== Prognosis ==
* Overall 5-year survival: 67%
** Localized disease: 81%
** Distant metastsis: 18%


== References ==
== References ==

Revision as of 14:41, 5 September 2024

See Original Guidelines

Background

  • Penile cancer negatively impacts quality of life through
    • Physical and emotional changes
    • Feelings of mutilation
    • Loss of masculinity
    • Voiding and sexual dysfunction, which in turn can result in relationship breakdowns and withdrawal from society
    • Lymphedema

Epidemiology

  • Uncommon in industrialized countries
  • More common in South America, Southeast Asia, and parts of Africa
  • Race
    • Highest incidence in white Hispanics, followed by Alaskans and Native American Indians, African Americans, white non-Hispanics.
  • Increasing incidence in Western/developed countries most likely due to higher infection rates of HPV

Pathophysiology

Risk factors

  • Human papilloma virus (HPV)
    • Most important risk factor
  • Phimosis
  • Chronic penile inflamatoin
  • Lichen sclerosus
  • Ultraviolet A phototherapy
  • Low socio-economic status

Pathology

  • >95% of penile cancers are squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs)

Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma

  • Usually arises from the epithelium of the inner prepuce or the glans
  • Subtypes
    • HPV-independent
      • Usual (most common)
      • Pseudohyperplastic
      • Pseudoglandular
      • Verrucous
      • Caniculatum
      • Papillary
      • Sarcomatoid (Most aggressive and worse prognosis)
      • Mixed
    • HPV-associated
      • Basaloid
      • Warty
      • Clear cell
      • Lymphoepithelioma-like
      • Mixed

Diagnosis and Evaluation

Management

Prognosis

  • Overall 5-year survival: 67%
    • Localized disease: 81%
    • Distant metastsis: 18%

References