Non-Urothelial Bladder Cancer

Small cell carcinoma of the bladder

• Type of neuroendocrine histology
• Should be considered and treated as metastatic disease, even if there is no radiologic evidence of disease outside the bladder
• In general, primary small cell carcinoma of the bladder is very chemosensitive
• Primary mode of therapy is chemoradiation therapy; chemotherapy and radical cystectomy is an option with similar survival (5-year CSS 16% chemoradiation vs. 18% chemotherapy and radical cystectomy)
• Primary method to improve survival will be more effective systemic therapy

Signet ring cell carcinomas

• Usually high-grade, high-stage tumors at presentation
• Poor prognosis

Sarcoma

• Subclassification of sarcoma is based on histologic variations, depending on the specific malignant cell type
• Leiomyosarcoma is the most common histologic subtype, followed by rhabdomyosarcoma and then, rarely, angiosarcoma, osteosarcoma, and carcinosarcoma

References

• Wein AJ, Kavoussi LR, Partin AW, Peters CA (eds): CAMPBELL-WALSH UROLOGY, ed 11. Philadelphia, Elsevier, 2015, chap 92