Non-Urothelial Bladder Cancer

Small cell carcinoma of the bladder

Type of neuroendocrine histology
Should be considered and treated as metastatic disease, even if there is no radiologic evidence of disease outside the bladder
In general, primary small cell carcinoma of the bladder is very chemosensitive
Primary mode of therapy is chemoradiation therapy; chemotherapy and radical cystectomy is an option with similar survival (5-year CSS 16% chemoradiation vs. 18% chemotherapy and radical cystectomy)
Primary method to improve survival will be more effective systemic therapy

Subclassification of sarcoma is based on histologic variations, depending on the specific malignant cell type
Leiomyosarcoma is the most common histologic subtype, followed by rhabdomyosarcoma and then, rarely, angiosarcoma, osteosarcoma, and carcinosarcoma

Wein AJ, Kavoussi LR, Partin AW, Peters CA (eds): CAMPBELL-WALSH UROLOGY, ed 11. Philadelphia, Elsevier, 2015, chap 92